Overview
| residential | R1-R6 (R1=lowest-density SF, R6=highest-density MF + CBD-adjacent) |
|---|---|
| business | B1-B6 (B1=restricted/transition, B5=Central Business / regional office, B6=general services / wholesaling) |
| industrial | M1-M5 (M1=limited along thoroughfares, M5=Special — hazardous-waste-eligible) |
| special_development | SD1-SD5 (SD1=small-scale mixed-use, SD4=Riverfront mixed-use, SD5=Casinos) |
| transitional_industrial | TM |
| waterfront | W1 |
| parking | P1 |
| public_center | PC (Public Center), PCA (Public Center Adjacent / Restricted CBD) |
| parks | PR (Parks and Recreation) |
| planned_development | PD (floats by Master Plan use category) |
Euclidean code with substantial overlay layering and PD/SD discretionary tracks. Inverse-naming quirk: R5 'Medium Density' permits SF-detached through medium-density MF (it's the most use-permissive R district), while R6 'High Density' excludes SF/2F by-right despite higher absolute density. Article XIII tables are use-row not district-row — a single district carries multiple lot-size minimums depending on which use is built. | naming_convention_raw=letter-number-encoded ; sub_flags_raw=[legacy-rustbelt, overlay-heavy, neighborhood-stabilization]
- Article XIII tables are use-row, not district-row — a single R district carries different lot sizes, FARs, and height treatments depending on which use is being built. Single dimensional value per district is misleading.
- Inverse-density naming: R5 'Medium Density' permits the widest range of uses (SF through medium MFD) while R6 'High Density' excludes SF/2F by-right (conditional only).
- Side-yard regulation uses two formulas: Formula A = (Length + 2*Height)/15 for lower-intensity rows; Formula B = (Length + 2*Height)/6 for non-residential and high-intensity rows. Single-/two-family use a flat 4 ft minimum + 14 ft combined.
+ 6 more in Quirks & notes
Districts
| Code | Name | Category | Min lot | Height | Coverage | FAR | Du/ac | Parking | Setbacks F/S/R |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | R1 Single-Family Residential | res_sf | 5,000 sf[4] | 35 ft[5] | —[6] | —[7] | — | —[8] | 20[1] / 4[2] / 30[3] |
| R2 | R2 Two-Family Residential | res_sf | 5,000 sf[12] | 35 ft[13] | —[14] | —[15] | — | —[16] | 20[9] / 4[10] / 30[11] |
| R3 | R3 Low Density Residential | res_mf | 5,000 sf[20] | 35 ft[21] | —[22] | —[23] | — | —[24] | 20[17] / 4[18] / 30[19] |
| R4 | R4 Thoroughfare Residential | res_mf | 6,000 sf[28] | 35 ft[29] | —[30] | —[31] | — | —[32] | 20[25] / 4[26] / 30[27] |
| R5 | R5 Medium Density Residential | res_mf | 5,000 sf[36] | 35 ft[37] | —[38] | 1.5[39] | — | —[40] | 20[33] / 4[34] / 30[35] |
| R6 | R6 High Density Residential | res_mf | 7,000 sf[44] | —[45] | —[46] | 2[47] | — | —[48] | 20[41] / —[42] / 30[43] |
| B1 | B1 Restricted Business | com | —[52] | —[53] | —[54] | —[55] | — | —[56] | —[49] / —[50] / —[51] |
| B2 | B2 Local Business and Residential | com | —[60] | —[61] | —[62] | —[63] | — | —[64] | —[57] / —[58] / —[59] |
| B3 | B3 Shopping | com | —[68] | —[69] | —[70] | —[71] | — | —[72] | —[65] / —[66] / —[67] |
| B4 | B4 General Business | com | —[76] | —[77] | —[78] | —[79] | — | —[80] | —[73] / —[74] / —[75] |
| B5 | B5 Major Business | cbd | —[84] | —[85] | —[86] | —[87] | — | —[88] | —[81] / —[82] / —[83] |
| B6 | B6 General Services | com | —[92] | —[93] | —[94] | —[95] | — | —[96] | —[89] / —[90] / —[91] |
| M1 | M1 Limited Industrial | ind | —[100] | —[101] | —[102] | —[103] | — | —[104] | —[97] / —[98] / —[99] |
| M2 | M2 Restricted Industrial | ind | —[108] | —[109] | —[110] | —[111] | — | —[112] | —[105] / —[106] / —[107] |
| M3 | M3 General Industrial | ind | —[116] | —[117] | —[118] | —[119] | — | —[120] | —[113] / —[114] / —[115] |
| M4 | M4 Intensive Industrial | ind | —[124] | —[125] | —[126] | —[127] | — | —[128] | —[121] / —[122] / —[123] |
| M5 | M5 Special Industrial | ind | —[132] | —[133] | —[134] | —[135] | — | —[136] | —[129] / —[130] / —[131] |
| PD | PD Planned Development | spec | —[140] | —[141] | —[142] | —[143] | — | —[144] | —[137] / —[138] / —[139] |
| P1 | P1 Open Parking | spec | —[148] | —[149] | —[150] | —[151] | — | —[152] | —[145] / —[146] / —[147] |
| PC | PC Public Center | spec | —[156] | —[157] | —[158] | —[159] | — | —[160] | —[153] / —[154] / —[155] |
| PCA | PCA Public Center Adjacent (Restricted CBD) | cbd | —[164] | —[165] | —[166] | —[167] | — | —[168] | —[161] / —[162] / —[163] |
| TM | TM Transitional-Industrial | ind | —[172] | —[173] | —[174] | —[175] | — | —[176] | —[169] / —[170] / —[171] |
| PR | PR Parks and Recreation | spec | —[180] | —[181] | —[182] | —[183] | — | —[184] | —[177] / —[178] / —[179] |
| W1 | W1 Waterfront-Industrial | ind | —[188] | —[189] | —[190] | —[191] | — | —[192] | —[185] / —[186] / —[187] |
| SD1 | SD1 Special Development District — Small-Scale Mixed-Use | mu | —[196] | —[197] | —[198] | —[199] | — | —[200] | —[193] / —[194] / —[195] |
| SD2 | SD2 Special Development District — Mixed-Use | mu | —[204] | —[205] | —[206] | —[207] | — | —[208] | —[201] / —[202] / —[203] |
| SD3 | SD3 Special Development District — Technology and Research | spec | —[212] | —[213] | —[214] | —[215] | — | —[216] | —[209] / —[210] / —[211] |
| SD4 | SD4 Special Development District — Riverfront Mixed-Use | mu | —[220] | —[221] | —[222] | —[223] | — | —[224] | —[217] / —[218] / —[219] |
| SD5 | SD5 Special Development District — Casinos | spec | —[228] | —[229] | —[230] | —[231] | — | —[232] | —[225] / —[226] / —[227] |
Confidence: confirmed partial under review not found
Overlays
Property abutting designated major radial streets within and leading to the Central Business District where the Master Plan of Policies has generally proposed rezoning from B4 General Business to a Special Development zoning district.
| applicable_zone_classes | B4; SD |
|---|---|
| use_focus | transition major-radial commercial frontages from highway-strip to walkable mixed-use |
| dimensional_parameters | not_captured — overlay-specific intensity standards live in Sec. 61-14 and per-overlay subdivisions; not extracted in this v2 pass |
| review_track | City Planning Commission + Planning and Development Department recommendation |
Commercial areas designated by Detroit City Council as having high-quality pedestrian-scale walkable character or potential. Affects setback rules — buildings on lots abutting a Traditional Main Street use overlay setbacks per Sec. 61-14-282 in lieu of base R-district setbacks.
| applies_to_zones | R1; R2; R3; R4; R5; R6; B-districts |
|---|---|
| ground_floor_treatment | pedestrian-scale; street-level pedestrian-generating uses required |
| setback_modification | supersedes base R-district setback table per c§61-14-282 |
| pedestrian_standards | additional development standards in Sec. 61-14-281 through 61-14-300 |
| dimensional_specifics | not_captured — full §61-14-281 to §61-14-300 text not extracted in this v2 pass |
Designated wide major thoroughfares, typically zoned B4, passing through neighborhoods undertaking commercial revitalization, or shared multi-jurisdictional corridors with neighboring cities/townships.
| applies_to_zones | B4 |
|---|---|
| review_track | more detailed development review by City Planning Commission |
| design_focus | character and design important to attract additional development and aesthetic improvement |
| dimensional_parameters | not_captured — corridor-specific standards not extracted |
Geographic — all zoning lots abutting or bounded by East Grand Boulevard, the Detroit River, and West Grand Boulevard.
| geographic_definition | East Grand Blvd + Detroit River + West Grand Blvd bounding ring |
|---|---|
| design_intent | preserve and reinforce boulevard character |
| dimensional_parameters | not_captured |
Geographic — Downtown core and Riverfront frontages; specific boundaries on the official Zoning Map.
| applies_to_zones | B5; SD4; R6 |
|---|---|
| intent | high-intensity mixed-use development consistent with Master Plan riverfront/downtown designations |
| dimensional_parameters | not_captured — text marked as not detailed in the District Classifications document |
Designated broad area roughly bounded by East Warren Avenue, Alter Road / Grosse Pointe Park city limits, East Jefferson Avenue, and Conner Avenue — characterized by high concentration of vacant lots ripe for infill housing.
| geographic_boundary | E Warren Ave / Alter Rd (Grosse Pointe Park city limit) / E Jefferson Ave / Conner Ave |
|---|---|
| use_focus | infill housing — reestablishment of dwellings similar in placement, character, massing to original lots |
| intensity_modification | allows greater density than citywide standard ARTICLE XIII rules permit |
| displacement_rule | applies in lieu of ARTICLE XIII DIVISION 3 Alternative Residential Development Options |
| expansion_mechanism | Planning and Development Department may identify additional contiguous neighborhoods for inclusion; boundary expansion requires Chapter amendment |
| dimensional_parameters | not_captured — specific intensity numbers in §61-11-380s not extracted in this v2 pass |
Designated by Detroit City Council as a Local Historic District following Historic Designation Advisory Board study and Council ordinance per the Local Historic Districts Act.
| review_authority | Detroit Historic District Commission |
|---|---|
| review_artifact | Certificate of Appropriateness required for exterior alterations and demolition |
| applies_to_zones | any underlying district |
| design_standards | rehabilitation must follow Secretary of Interior's Standards + district-specific design guidelines |
| demolition_review | demolition by neglect prosecutable; replacement requires HDC approval |
Property within FEMA-mapped Special Flood Hazard Area (1% annual chance / 100-year floodplain) per Detroit FIRM panels (most recent FEMA effective date 2024-10-30 per Wayne County map revision schedule).
| fema_reference | FEMA FIRM panels for Wayne County / Detroit (Community-Panel 260219, multiple effective dates) |
|---|---|
| bfe_compliance | Base Flood Elevation + freeboard required for new construction / substantial improvement |
| substantial_improvement_threshold | 50% of pre-improvement market value (NFIP standard) |
| fill_excavation_review | permit + no-rise certification required for fill in floodway |
| buyout_eligibility | FEMA HMGP and Pre-Disaster Mitigation funds intermittently applied to chronic-flood Detroit blocks |
| freeboard_increment | not_captured — Detroit-specific freeboard inches above BFE not extracted |
Geographic — Eastern Market historic wholesale food and produce distribution district plus surrounding mixed-use areas; designated on the official Zoning Map.
| applicable_zone_classes | MKT-base; B-overlay |
|---|---|
| use_focus | food / produce / wholesale distribution + complementary retail and residential |
| loading_provisions | expanded loading allowance for distribution operations |
| live_work_provisions | loft-conversion + live-work permitted in legacy industrial buildings |
| design_standards | compatible with historic market character; reviewed by CPC |
| dimensional_parameters | not_captured — specific MKT dimensional cap not extracted |
State preemptions
Adopted building codes
Statewide
Click a code label to open its state-by-state adoption atlas.
Quirks & notes
- Article XIII tables are use-row, not district-row — a single R district carries different lot sizes, FARs, and height treatments depending on which use is being built. Single dimensional value per district is misleading.
- Inverse-density naming: R5 'Medium Density' permits the widest range of uses (SF through medium MFD) while R6 'High Density' excludes SF/2F by-right (conditional only).
- Side-yard regulation uses two formulas: Formula A = (Length + 2*Height)/15 for lower-intensity rows; Formula B = (Length + 2*Height)/6 for non-residential and high-intensity rows. Single-/two-family use a flat 4 ft minimum + 14 ft combined.
- RSR (Residential Site Requirement) coefficient appears in higher-density use rows (e.g., 0.07 RSR for R6 MFD, 0.085 for R5 rooming houses) — multiplies lot-area to give max units; functions as an inverse density cap embedded in the FAR row.
- Chapter 50 was the former Chapter 61 — renumbered ~2019 in a recodification. Most extracted PDF citations retain the §61-13-X numbering from the 30-Aug-2018 compilation; modern Municode entries map these to §50-13-X equivalents.
- Detroit Community Benefits Ordinance (Code §14-12 et seq., 2016 Prop A) imposes negotiation requirements on Tier 1 developments — operates outside the MZEA framework as a development-agreement regime, NOT a zoning condition. This is the structural reason Detroit can mandate community benefits despite MCL 125.3205 banning mandatory inclusionary zoning.
- Far Eastside Overlay (§61-11-382) is the only Detroit overlay that DISPLACES the citywide ARTICLE XIII DIVISION 3 Alternative Residential Development Options for affected lots — it operates as an overlay-supersede pattern rather than the more common layered-additive pattern.
- Master Plan land-use categories (Residential, Retail+Local Services, Industrial, Mixed Use, Parks+OS, Other) are the substantive anchor for PD district approvals — PD applicants must show their major use corresponds to a Master Plan category for the affected area.
- Detroit historic districts operate under MCL 399.201 (Local Historic Districts Act, 1970 PA 169) — the HDC has substantive design veto via Certificate of Appropriateness, independent of Chapter 50 base district allowances.
Formulas
Definitions
- height
- Grade to highest point of structure; height limits in R2 and similar districts depend on use — most uses capped at 35 ft, but multiple-family dwellings have no max height (controlled by FAR instead). c§61-13-152.
- lot_coverage
- Building footprint / lot area, expressed as decimal. Coverage caps are applied per-use within a district. c§61-13-156.
- far
- Gross floor area / lot area. FAR caps are use-row in Article XIII, not district-row — R6 multifamily uses 2.00 FAR while R6 educational uses 2.00 FAR; rooming houses get 1.50 FAR. c§61-13-157.
- du_ac
- Detroit does not use du/ac as a primary density metric; density is controlled via FAR + min lot area per use. RSR ('residential site requirement') sub-multipliers appear in higher-density rows (e.g., R6 MFD with 0.07 RSR).
- setback_front
- Front yard from front lot line; uniformly 20 ft in R1-R6 (c§61-13-151).
- setback_side
- Two side-yard formulas appear in Article XIII: Formula A = (length + 2*height)/15 and Formula B = (length + 2*height)/6. Single-/two-family dwellings use a flat 4 ft minimum / 14 ft combined. (c§61-16-172.)
- setback_rear
- Generally 30 ft in R1-R6 (c§61-13-151).
- parking
- Detroit parking minimums located in ARTICLE XIV (Off-Street Parking), Division 1. Not extracted in this v2 regen pass.
- rsr_reduction
- Residential Site Requirement: a coefficient on lot-area-per-unit calculation applicable to certain MFD use rows (e.g., 0.085 RSR in R5 rooming houses, 0.07 RSR in R6 multifamily). c§61-13-156.
Capacity calculations
- max_footprint_sf
lot_area_sf * lot_coverage (where lot_coverage is set for the specific use row; many use rows omit a coverage cap and rely on FAR + setbacks)- max_gfa_sf
lot_area_sf * far- max_units_mfd_r6
lot_area_sf * RSR (where RSR=0.07 for R6 multifamily; 1 unit per ~14,286 sf)- buildable_width_ft
lot_width_ft - 2 * setback_side_formula_result- buildable_depth_ft
lot_depth_ft - setback_front_ft - setback_rear_ft (typically -20 -30 = -50 ft from depth)
Massing explorer
Interactive 3D comparison across every district. Drag to orbit, scroll to zoom, use the slider to walk districts, and toggle applicable overlays in the right-side panel.
| District | Category | Height | FAR | Coverage | Setbacks | Parking | Density | Min lot | Overlays |
|---|
Sources & references
- [1] §61-13-2
- [2] §61-13-2
- [3] §61-13-2
- [4] §61-13-2 (single-family use row)
- [5] §61-13-2
- [6] z
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- [9] §61-13-3
- [10] §61-13-3
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- [13] §61-13-3
- [14] z
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- [17] §61-13-4
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- [21] §61-13-4
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- [29] §61-13-5
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- [41] §61-13-7
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- [45] §61-13-7
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Research status
Publication gates
| primary url present | passed | code_source is https://library.municode.com/mi/detroit/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=COCH50_CH50ZO — the official authoritative compilation host. Municode is the City Council-designated repository (not an aggregator). City-hosted PDFs (detroitmi.gov/document/summary-table-zoning-intensity-and-dimensional-standards-including-setbacks and the Zoning Classifications PDF) provide the auxiliary primary surface that was actually fetched and extracted. |
|---|---|---|
| no aggregator cited | passed | No Zoneomics, Steadily, SitePlanGuide, SiteDesignGuide, SitePlanCreator, Propwire, Zonara, or Unzoned citations. All citations point to Detroit Code §50/§61-X, MCL §X, FEMA NFIP, MI Const. Art. VII, or MCL 399.201 (Local Historic Districts Act). |
| confidence tags full form | passed | All confirmed claims carry full-form §-citations (c§61-13-2 through c§61-13-7 for R1-R6; c MCL 125.3205, etc.). Fields without primary-source extraction in this pass are tagged 'not_captured' with explicit reason rather than bare [confirmed]. |
| overlays have parameters trigger confidence | passed | All 9 overlays (GRT, TMS, MCO, GBO, DRO, FEO, HD, FH, MKT) have a non-empty params object (at minimum: applicable_zone_classes / geographic_definition / review_authority), a trigger string, and a confidence field tagged either c or c-partial with explicit citation. |
| preempt section city specific | passed | state_preemptions_applicable[] contains 5 entries: MI-MZEA-125-3205 IZ ban (city-specific: Detroit CBO operates outside §3205 as development-agreement regime per state preemptions.json city_specific_overrides), MI-MZEA-125-3207 moratoria, MI-MZEA-125-3206 group homes (city-specific: applies to R1-R5 + residential PD/SD), MI-MZEA-125-3206 manufactured housing parity, and MI-HB5585 statewide ADU (under_review pending 103rd Legislature). Each has explicit qualifying_condition_checked narrative. |
Data quality
- B1-B6 dimensional standards (min lot, height, FAR, lot coverage, setbacks) — Article XIII business district tables not extracted in this v2 pass; would require Municode access or a city-hosted Article XIII full-text PDF.
- M1-M5 dimensional standards — same blocker.
- SD1-SD5 dimensional standards — same blocker.
- P1, PC, PCA, TM, PR, W1 dimensional standards — same blocker.
- PD district approval procedural details (ARTICLE III DIVISION 4) — not extracted.
- Parking minimums in ARTICLE XIV — not extracted.
- Lot coverage caps for SF/2F use rows in R1-R6 — Article XIII tables in extracted PDF omit coverage cells for SF/2F rows; relationship between FAR and footprint not fully expressed.
- Overlay-specific dimensional parameters (Gateway, Traditional Main Street, Major Corridor, Grand Boulevard, Downtown/Riverfront, Far Eastside, MKT, Flood Hazard freeboard increment, Historic design guidelines).
- MFD use-row max height in R6 — explicit cap missing; District Classifications doc describes R6 MFD height as 'controlled by FAR' but extracted §61-13-7 table omits explicit number.
- Effective date of latest Chapter 50 amendment post-2018 (recodification + ongoing map amendments) — Municode would carry the active compilation date.
Known issues
Other cities in this state
Nearest-alphabetical profiles. Click through to compare zoning patterns side-by-side.