San Francisco, CA Zoning

Euclidean-zoning. 40 districts · 12 overlays · 6 applicable state preemptions.

Overview

Code type
euclidean
Naming convention
mixed

San Francisco is fundamentally Euclidean but with unusual layering: every parcel has both a base district (RH/RM/RC/RTO/NC/NCT/C/M/PDR/MUG/MUO/MUR/UMU/etc.) and a separate Height/Bulk District (40-X, 65-A, 130-E, 550-S, etc.). Named NCDs function as both base and overlay. RTO has no density cap by lot area — form-controlled. Many CA state preemptions apply; SF's own local ordinances are sometimes stricter than state minimum (e.g., parking). | naming_convention_raw=use-and-density-index ; sub_flags_raw=[layered-height-bulk-overlay, corridor-specific-NCDs, PDR-industrial-preservation, state-preemption-heavy] ; narrative_ref=zoning/narratives/san-francisco-ca/2a4169ef-6180-40a1-8472-203b63c4894f.json

Worth knowing
  • Height and Bulk District is a separate always-on overlay. Every parcel has a base district (RH-1, RM-4, C-3-O, etc.) AND a Height/Bulk District (40-X, 65-A, 130-E, 550-S). Heights are set by the Height/Bulk Map per §§260, 270 — NOT by the base district. A common modeling mistake is to read a max-height from the base district section, which does not exist. — [Planning Code §§260, 270, 271; Zoning Map Sectional Maps HT01-HT13]
  • Front setback is context-driven (§132). Not a fixed numeric. Must match the two adjacent properties' front setbacks (averaged), with special rules for corner lots, lots with only one neighbor, and blocks without an established pattern. Any stated fixed front setback for an SF RH district is fabricated. — [Planning Code §132]
  • Rear yard §134 applies uniformly across many district types: RH/RM/RC/RTO/NC/CMUO/MUG/MUO/MUR/RED/RED-MX/SPD/UMU/WMUG. Formula: 25% of lot depth or 15 ft, whichever is greater. This is unusual; most cities set rear yard per district. — [Planning Code §134]

+ 9 more in Quirks & notes

Districts

mixed_use 11residential_multi_family 8industrial 7downtown_commercial 5neighborhood_commercial 3residential_single_family 2residential_two_family 1neighborhood_commercial_transit 1commercial 1public 1
CodeNameCategory Min lotHeight CoverageFAR Du/acParking Setbacks F/S/R
RH-1Residential House, One-Familyresidential_single_family[3]1 du/lot (+ ADUs, + SB 9 where applicable)[4]0[5]varies_by_site[1] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[2]
RH-1(D)Residential House, One-Family with Detached Cottageresidential_single_family[8]1 du + detached accessory dwelling[9]0[10]varies_by_site[6] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[7]
RH-2Residential House, Two-Familyresidential_two_family[13]2 du/lot (+ ADUs)[14]0[15]varies_by_site[11] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[12]
RH-3Residential House, Three-Familyresidential_multi_family[18]3 du/lot (+ ADUs)[19]0[20]varies_by_site[16] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[17]
RM-1Residential Mixed, Low Densityresidential_multi_family[23]1 du per 800 sf lot area[24]0[25]varies_by_site[21] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[22]
RM-2Residential Mixed, Moderate Densityresidential_multi_family[28]1 du per 600 sf lot area[29]0[30]varies_by_site[26] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[27]
RM-3Residential Mixed, Medium Densityresidential_multi_family[33]1 du per 400 sf lot area[34]0[35]varies_by_site[31] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[32]
RM-4Residential Mixed, High Densityresidential_multi_family[38]1 du per 200 sf lot area[39]0[40]varies_by_site[36] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[37]
RTOResidential Transit-Orientedresidential_multi_family[43]no lot-area density cap; form-controlled[44]0[45]varies_by_site[41] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[42]
RC-3Residential-Commercial, Medium Densitymixed_use[47]1 du per 200 sf lot area[48]0[49] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[46]
RC-4Residential-Commercial, High Densitymixed_use[51]1 du per 125 sf lot area[52]0[53] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[50]
NC-1Neighborhood Commercial, Clusterneighborhood_commercial[55]0[56] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[54]
NC-2Neighborhood Commercial, Small-Scaleneighborhood_commercial[58]0[59] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[57]
NC-3Neighborhood Commercial, Moderate-Scaleneighborhood_commercial[61]0[62] / / max(lot_depth * 0.25, 15)[60]
NCTNeighborhood Commercial Transit (generic + named)neighborhood_commercial_transit[63] / /
C-2Community Businesscommercial[64] / /
C-3-ODowntown Officedowntown_commercial[65]9[66]0[67] / /
C-3-O(SD)Downtown Office Special Development (Transbay)downtown_commercial[68]6[69] / /
C-3-RDowntown Retaildowntown_commercial / /
C-3-GDowntown Generaldowntown_commercial / /
C-3-SDowntown Supportdowntown_commercial / /
UMUUrban Mixed Usemixed_use[70] / /
MUGMixed Use Generalmixed_use / /
MUOMixed Use Officemixed_use / /
MURMixed Use Residentialmixed_use / /
PDR-1-BProduction, Distribution, Repair — Light Bufferindustrial / /
PDR-1-DProduction, Distribution, Repair — Designindustrial / /
PDR-1-GProduction, Distribution, Repair — Generalindustrial / /
PDR-2Production, Distribution, Repair — Lighterindustrial / /
SALIService, Arts, Light Industrialindustrial / /
M-1Light Industrialindustrial / /
M-2Heavy Industrialindustrial / /
DTRDowntown Residential (DTR-SB, DTR-RH, DTR-TB)residential_multi_family / /
WMUGWestern SoMa Mixed Use Generalmixed_use / /
WMUOWestern SoMa Mixed Use Officemixed_use / /
REDResidential Enclaveresidential_multi_family / /
RED-MXResidential Enclave Mixedmixed_use / /
SPDSouth Park Districtmixed_use / /
CMUOCentral SoMa Mixed Use Officemixed_use / /
PPublicpublic / /

Confidence: confirmed partial under review not found

Overlays

HB-40-X
Height and Bulk District 40-X (example; full set covers every parcel)
SPEC
Planning Code §§260, 270, 271; Sectional Maps HT01-HT13

Every parcel in SF has an assigned Height/Bulk District. 40-X is the most common low-density designation (40 ft max height, bulk category X)

NCD-named
Neighborhood Commercial District (20+ named variants)
SPEC
Planning Code Article 7, §§715.1-737 et seq.

Mapped corridor areas throughout SF: Polk Street (§723), Valencia Street (§726), Union Street (§725), Haight Street (§720.1), Castro Street (§715.1), Geary Boulevard (§720.2), Taraval Street (§728), West Portal Avenue (§730), Inner Clement Street (§718), Outer Clement Street (§719), Cortland Avenue, Cole Valley, Inner Balboa, Outer Balboa, 24th Street-Noe Valley, and more

EN-MU
Eastern Neighborhoods Mixed Use (UMU/MUG/MUO/MUR + PDR series)
SPEC
Planning Code §§210.3A, 840-847; Ordinance 298-08

Mission, Potrero Hill, Central Waterfront/Dogpatch, eastern SoMa — mapped in Eastern Neighborhoods Area Plan (2008)

WSOMA
Western SoMa Special Use District
SPEC
Planning Code §§843.9-846.9; Ordinance 108-13

Western SoMa Community Plan area (approximately Howard/4th/Division/12th Streets)

MO
Market and Octavia Area Plan
SPEC
Planning Code §732, §263.20; Ordinance 72-08

Market-Octavia Plan area (Market to Duboce, Octavia to Church); Upper Market NCT along Market St Octavia to Castro

CSOMA
Central SoMa Plan
SPEC
Planning Code §§249.78, 329; Ordinance 296-18

Central SoMa Plan area (Market/2nd/Townsend/6th Streets)

MB-SUD
Mission Bay and Pier 70 Special Use Districts
SPEC
Planning Code §§249.60, 249.63, 249.77; Mission Bay Redevelopment Plan; Pier 70 SUD Ordinance 63-17

Mission Bay North, Mission Bay South (ballpark area to Mariposa), and Pier 70 (Illinois to 20th) — mapped SUD boundaries

HP-10
Article 10 Historic Landmarks and Districts
SPEC
Planning Code Article 10, §§1001-1111

100+ individually designated landmarks and ~16 historic districts citywide (Alamo Square, Dogpatch, Webster Street, Liberty-Hill, Bush Street-Cottage Row, Blackstone Court, and others)

HP-11
Article 11 Downtown Conservation Districts
SPEC
Planning Code Article 11, §§1101-1113

Downtown conservation districts: New Montgomery-Mission-2nd, Kearny-Market-Mason-Sutter, and others mapped in Article 11

COASTAL
California Coastal Zone
SPEC
Planning Code §§330-335; California Coastal Act

Ocean Beach, Fort Funston, and adjacent properties west of the Great Highway within California Coastal Commission jurisdiction

PEG
Priority Equity Geographies (Inclusionary + HOME-SF tiers)
SPEC
Planning Code §415.6, §328

Census tracts mapped by Planning Department as high-displacement-risk: Tenderloin, SoMa, Mission, Chinatown, Bayview, Excelsior, Visitacion Valley

FR
Formula Retail Controls
SPEC
Planning Code §303.1

All NC, NCT, NCD districts plus certain mixed-use districts (UMU, Upper Market)

State preemptions

CA Gov. Code §65915 — Density Bonus Lawapplies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Applies statewide; all CA jurisdictions ; city_specific_note=Applicants may choose state §65915 pathway or local HOME-SF. HOME-SF offers up to 3 additional stories but requires 30% affordable.
Effect
Up to 80% density bonus with qualifying affordable components; incentives/concessions on setbacks, parking, height; ministerial approval. SF implements via Planning Code §206.6 and local HOME-SF program §328 (additional bonuses, 30% affordable).
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=RH-1 single-family zoned parcels ONLY; excludes Article 10/11 historic districts, very high fire hazard zones, flood zones, coastal zone, conservation easements ; city_specific_note=SF's RH-1 inventory is reduced by historic and fire-hazard carve-outs; large parts of Pacific Heights, Dolores Heights, and Noe Valley are in Article 10 historic districts and excluded. Net reach of SB 9 in SF is narrower than suburban CA. Local implementation: Ordinance 248-22, Planning Code §207.1.
Effect
Up to 4 units by-right on qualifying SF-zoned parcel via duplex + lot split; ministerial approval; cannot require >40% of original lot in split, setbacks >4 ft, or FAR <0.8 per resulting lot.
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Parcels within 1/2 mile of a major transit stop (rail, BRT, ferry, or bus intersection with 15-min peak service) ; city_specific_note=Approximately 80%+ of SF parcels qualify (MUNI Metro, BART, Caltrain, major MUNI bus lines). Net effect in SF is limited because Planning Code §151.1 already eliminated parking minimums citywide for most uses via Ordinance 181-18 (2018). AB 2097 preempts any residual district-level minimums.
Effect
Eliminates parking minimums on qualifying parcels
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Residential or mixed-use zoned sites; project ≥10% lower-income (rental) or moderate-income (ownership) affordable; jurisdictions not meeting RHNA above-moderate targets ; city_specific_note=SF is a SB 423 jurisdiction — HCD determined SF must streamline ≥10% affordable projects due to RHNA non-compliance on above-moderate. Applies to Eastern Neighborhoods, SoMa mixed-use, NCT, RTO, RH-3/RM zones. Coastal zone, very high fire severity zones, Article 10/11 historic districts, and sites with recent tenant displacement are excluded.
Effect
Ministerial approval with objective design review only; no discretionary Planning Commission hearing; no CEQA; prevailing wage / skilled-and-trained workforce required
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Commercially-zoned parcels along qualifying corridors (not industrial or office-only) ; city_specific_note=SF has extensive qualifying corridors: Van Ness Ave, Geary Blvd, Mission St, Market/Octavia, Upper Market. Applies to C-2, C-3, C-M, NC-1/2/3, NCD, NCT. PDR and industrial-only zones excluded. Overlaps with SB 423; developers choose pathway.
Effect
100% affordable: by-right on any commercial site. Mixed-income: by-right on corridor commercial sites. Ministerial approval; prevailing wage required; minimum density must equal default jurisdiction density.
CA Gov. Code §§65852.2, 66411.7-66411.8 — ADU / JADU Lawapplies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Any residential or mixed-use parcel statewide ; city_specific_note=SF has expanded local ADU ordinance (§207.1, §207.2) allowing more ADUs than state minimum in multifamily buildings (up to 25% of existing units under Local Program). Essentially all of SF is within 1/2 mile of transit — parking exemption universal. Historic district ADUs allowed per §207.1(b)(6).
Effect
ADUs by-right; size limits 1,200 sf detached, 50% of primary or 1,000 sf attached (whichever less), 500 sf JADU; no parking within 1/2 mile of transit; no minimum lot size required
Non-applicable laws (2)
CA Gov. Code §65589.5(d)(5) — Builder's Remedydoes not apply
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Available only when city Housing Element is NOT certified by HCD ; city_specific_note=SF's 6th cycle Housing Element was certified by HCD on 2023-01-31 and remains in compliance as of this research date. Builder's Remedy is therefore NOT currently available. Risk: SF committed to a West Side Rezoning by January 2026; failure could jeopardize certification. HCD annual reporting must be monitored. Verify status at submittal.
Effect
Projects with ≥20% low-income affordability may bypass all local zoning (height, density, FAR, use); city may only deny based on health/safety findings supported by preponderance of evidence
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=City must adopt by resolution to invoke; not a mandate ; city_specific_note=SF has NOT adopted an SB 10 resolution. No local upzoning has been taken via this pathway.
Effect
Authorizes cities to zone up to 10 units per parcel near transit via simple resolution, bypassing CEQA

Adopted building codes

Statewide mandatory minimum

2024 CBC
2024 CRC
2023
2024
IECC (Residential)
2024 CALGreen
IECC (Commercial)
2024 CALGreen

Click a code label to open its state-by-state adoption atlas.

Quirks & notes

  • Height and Bulk District is a separate always-on overlay. Every parcel has a base district (RH-1, RM-4, C-3-O, etc.) AND a Height/Bulk District (40-X, 65-A, 130-E, 550-S). Heights are set by the Height/Bulk Map per §§260, 270 — NOT by the base district. A common modeling mistake is to read a max-height from the base district section, which does not exist. — [Planning Code §§260, 270, 271; Zoning Map Sectional Maps HT01-HT13]
  • Front setback is context-driven (§132). Not a fixed numeric. Must match the two adjacent properties' front setbacks (averaged), with special rules for corner lots, lots with only one neighbor, and blocks without an established pattern. Any stated fixed front setback for an SF RH district is fabricated. — [Planning Code §132]
  • Rear yard §134 applies uniformly across many district types: RH/RM/RC/RTO/NC/CMUO/MUG/MUO/MUR/RED/RED-MX/SPD/UMU/WMUG. Formula: 25% of lot depth or 15 ft, whichever is greater. This is unusual; most cities set rear yard per district. — [Planning Code §134]
  • PDR (Production, Distribution, Repair) industrial preservation is unique in California. PDR-1-B, PDR-1-D, PDR-1-G prohibit new housing entirely to protect industrial and arts land. No other major CA city has this explicit no-housing industrial zoning. — [Planning Code §210.3A]
  • 20+ named Neighborhood Commercial Districts each with a parcel-specific Zoning Control Table (Article 7). No other US city approaches this level of corridor-specific use control. Projects in a named NCD must reference the specific NCD section, not the generic NC-1/2/3 table. — [Planning Code Article 7]
  • RTO has no density cap by lot area — form-controlled (lot coverage, rear yard, height, open space). Unusual within a Euclidean framework; blurs the line with form-based codes. — [Planning Code §209.3]
  • HOME-SF local density bonus layers on top of state §65915. Applicants choose pathway; local offers additional height but requires 30% affordable (vs. state minimum thresholds). — [Planning Code §328]
  • Transferable Development Rights (TDR) in C-3 zones. Historic sites may sell unused FAR; receiving sites may build above base FAR up to a cap (C-3-O to 18.0; C-3-O(SD) Transbay to 27.0). Unique downtown capacity mechanism. — [Planning Code §128]
  • Parking minimums eliminated citywide via Ordinance 181-18 (2018) — SF is stricter than state AB 2097. §151.1 removes parking minimums for most uses. No other major CA city eliminated parking minimums citywide before state law required it. — [Planning Code §151.1; Ordinance 181-18]
  • SB 9 has narrow reach in SF. Article 10/11 historic districts (large) and very high fire hazard zones (Twin Peaks/Mount Davidson fringe) are carved out. Net applicability is a minority of RH-1 lots. — [Gov. Code §65852.21(a)(2)(E); Planning Code §207.1]
  • Central SoMa jobs-housing linkage fee and Infrastructure Impact Fee added 2018; unique fee structure tying new office development to housing need and infrastructure capacity. — [Planning Code §§249.78, 329; Ordinance 296-18]
  • West Side Rezoning (committed to HCD by January 2026) is pending. Sunset, Richmond, West Portal parcels require upzoning to meet RHNA. Failure to adopt jeopardizes Housing Element certification and would trigger Builder's Remedy. Monitor HCD status. — [SF Housing Element 2023 (HCD-certified 2023-01-31); HCD implementation commitments]

Formulas

Definitions

height
Height per §260 measured from grade to highest point of roof, governed by Height/Bulk District assigned to parcel (separate overlay, NOT set by base district)
rear_yard
Per §134: 25% of lot depth or 15 ft minimum, whichever greater; applies across RH/RM/RC/RTO/NC/CMUO/MUG/MUO/MUR/RED/RED-MX/SPD/UMU/WMUG
front_setback
Per §132: context-sensitive; must match adjacent buildings' front setbacks (averaged with special rules for corner/single-neighbor lots); NO fixed numeric for RH districts
open_space
Per §135: required useable open space per unit; private ≥300 sf/unit or shared ≥400 sf/unit for RH
density
Varies by district: RH = 1-3 du/lot (by type); RM = 1 du per 200-800 sf lot area; RC-3 = 1 du/200 sf; RC-4 = 1 du/125 sf; RTO = form-controlled (no lot-area density cap)
far
Applicable in C-3 and DTR districts; C-3-O base 9.0 (up to 18.0 with TDR); C-3-O(SD) Transbay base 6.0 up to 27.0 §124 §128
bulk
Per §270: alpha suffix on Height/Bulk designator specifies plan dimension max and diagonal dimension max above specified heights (categories X/A/B/C/D/E/F/G/S)

Capacity calculations

rh_rear_yard_ft
max(lot_depth_ft * 0.25, 15)
rh1_max_units
1 primary unit + 1 ADU state-law + 1 ADU Local Program (in existing structure) + SB 9 split (if not historic/fire-hazard)
rm1_max_units_from_lot_area
lot_area_sf / 800
rm4_max_units_from_lot_area
lot_area_sf / 200
c3o_max_gfa_sf
lot_area_sf * 9.0 (base); lot_area_sf * 18.0 with TDR
c3o_sd_transbay_max_gfa_sf
lot_area_sf * 6.0 (base); up to lot_area_sf * 27.0 for qualifying tower sites

Massing explorer

Interactive 3D comparison across every district. Drag to orbit, scroll to zoom, use the slider to walk districts, and toggle applicable overlays in the right-side panel.

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District Category Height FAR Coverage Setbacks Parking Density Min lot Overlays

Sources & references

Primary source
amended through 2026 Q1 (verify latest ordinance) · retrieved 2026-04-18
Citations
  1. [1] Planning Code §132 (match adjacent buildings, averaged)
  2. [2] Planning Code §134
  3. [3] Planning Code §§260, 270
  4. [4] Planning Code §209.1
  5. [5] Planning Code §151.1 (parking minimums eliminated citywide Ord. 181-18, 2018); further preempted near transit by AB 2097
  6. [6] Planning Code §132
  7. [7] Planning Code §134
  8. [8] Planning Code §§260, 270
  9. [9] Planning Code §209.1
  10. [10] Planning Code §151.1
  11. [11] Planning Code §132
  12. [12] Planning Code §134
  13. [13] Planning Code §§260, 270
  14. [14] Planning Code §209.1
  15. [15] Planning Code §151.1
  16. [16] Planning Code §132
  17. [17] Planning Code §134
  18. [18] Planning Code §§260, 270
  19. [19] Planning Code §209.1
  20. [20] Planning Code §151.1
  21. [21] Planning Code §132
  22. [22] Planning Code §134
  23. [23] Planning Code §§260, 270
  24. [24] Planning Code §209.2
  25. [25] Planning Code §151.1
  26. [26] Planning Code §132
  27. [27] Planning Code §134
  28. [28] Planning Code §§260, 270
  29. [29] Planning Code §209.2
  30. [30] Planning Code §151.1
  31. [31] Planning Code §132
  32. [32] Planning Code §134
  33. [33] Planning Code §§260, 270
  34. [34] Planning Code §209.2
  35. [35] Planning Code §151.1
  36. [36] Planning Code §132
  37. [37] Planning Code §134
  38. [38] Planning Code §§260, 270
  39. [39] Planning Code §209.2
  40. [40] Planning Code §151.1
  41. [41] Planning Code §132
  42. [42] Planning Code §134
  43. [43] Planning Code §§260, 270
  44. [44] Planning Code §209.3
  45. [45] Planning Code §151.1
  46. [46] Planning Code §134
  47. [47] Planning Code §§260, 270
  48. [48] Planning Code §209.4
  49. [49] Planning Code §151.1
  50. [50] Planning Code §134
  51. [51] Planning Code §§260, 270
  52. [52] Planning Code §209.4
  53. [53] Planning Code §151.1
  54. [54] Planning Code §134
  55. [55] Planning Code §§260, 270
  56. [56] Planning Code §151.1
  57. [57] Planning Code §134
  58. [58] Planning Code §§260, 270
  59. [59] Planning Code §151.1
  60. [60] Planning Code §134
  61. [61] Planning Code §§260, 270
  62. [62] Planning Code §151.1
  63. [63] Planning Code §§260, 270
  64. [64] Planning Code §§260, 270
  65. [65] Planning Code §§260, 270
  66. [66] Planning Code §124 (base); §128 (up to 18.0 with Transferable Development Rights)
  67. [67] Planning Code §151.1
  68. [68] Planning Code §§260, 270, 263.9
  69. [69] Planning Code §124 (base); up to 27.0 for qualifying Transbay towers via TDR/incentives §128, §263.9
  70. [70] Planning Code §§260, 270

Research status

Publication gates

primary url presentpassed
no aggregator citedpassed
confidence tags full formpassed
overlays have parameters trigger confidencepassed
preempt section city specificpassed

Data quality

82%completeness56 confirmed
Documented gaps
  • Height/Bulk District assignments are parcel-specific and require Zoning Map lookup — not extracted into record (by design)
  • Specific per-NCD use tables (23+ tables) summarized at overlay level, not expanded per NCD
  • Mission Bay / Pier 70 per-block controls in Development Agreements — summarized, not expanded per block
  • Inclusionary §415 sliding-scale rates by project type and Priority Equity Geography not extracted

Known issues

freshness:volatiledata:gaps-present

Verification

last_verified_at2026-04-18T00:00:00Z
verifier_specialistverification-pass
verifier_version1.0
verification_resultpassed
atomic_claims_checked58
atomic_claims_passed56
atomic_claims_failed0
atomic_claims_flagged2
flagged_claimsreason: Time-sensitive; HCD can revoke if West Side Rezoning commitments missed by Jan 2026; reason: Parcel-level data requires Zoning Map lookup, not in Planning Code text
narrative_refzoning/narratives/san-francisco-ca/2a4169ef-6180-40a1-8472-203b63c4894f.json

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