Missouri CAFO Regulation — 10 CSR 20-6.300 (MDNR Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations) (MO)

Tracked preemption from the Missouri overlay bundle.

Overview

Effective
1996-04-30
Sunset
Authority
state
Scope
state:MO

Trigger predicate

When this evaluates true for a parcel, the law's preempted fields take precedence over base zoning.

OR
  • parcel.geometry geographic match
  • city.has_cafo_within_setback_radius == True

Preempted fields

3 fields on the base district schema are rewritten when the trigger fires.

FieldOpValueNote
review_typerequireMDNR_CAFO_operating_permit_class_IA_IB_II10 CSR 20-6.300: CAFOs Class IA (≥7,000 animal units), IB (3,000–6,999 AU), II (1,000–2,999 AU), and III (300–999 AU) require MDNR operating permits with nutrient management plans, waste-storage design, and groundwater monitoring.
base_districts[*].cafo_setback_floorfloor_atrsmo_640_710_state_minimum_setbacksMo. Rev. Stat. §640.710 sets state minimum buffer distances between CAFOs and occupied dwellings/public buildings/streams. Counties may not impose CAFO setbacks LESS strict than the state floor; whether counties may impose MORE strict setbacks is constrained by the Missouri Right-to-Farm Constitutional Amendment (Mo. Const. Art. I §35, adopted 2014) and the Missouri Right-to-Farm Act (Mo. Rev. Stat. §537.295).
zoning_ordinance.county_cafo_health_ordinance_authoritynarrowmust_not_violate_right_to_farm_or_state_minimum_setbacksCooper County v. Missouri Pork Producers and progeny narrowed county 'health-ordinance' authority to regulate CAFOs more strictly than state law; SB 391 (2019) further preempted county authority to impose stricter CAFO setbacks than the state minimums.

Citation

Authority source
10 C.S.R. 20-6.300 (CAFO operating permits); Mo. Rev. Stat. ch. 640 (Department of Natural Resources — Environmental Control); Mo. Rev. Stat. §640.710 (CAFO setback minimums); Mo. Const. Art. I §35 (Right-to-Farm Amendment, 2014); Mo. Rev. Stat. §537.295 (Right-to-Farm Act, 1982 + 1990 amendments); SB 391 (2019)
§ 10 CSR 20-6.300; Mo. Rev. Stat. §640.710; Mo. Const. Art. I §35
https://www.sos.mo.gov/cmsimages/adrules/csr/current/10csr/10c20-6.pdf

Research notes

Federal conflict check flagged because CAFO operating permits implement the federal Clean Water Act NPDES program (40 CFR Part 122 / 40 CFR Part 412) — MDNR is the NPDES-delegated authority. SB 391 (2019) is a meaningful preemption: it bars counties from imposing CAFO setbacks stricter than the state minimums, narrowing the historic county-health-ordinance authority that produced Cooper County, Lincoln County, and Callaway County stricter setback ordinances. Combined with the 2014 Right-to-Farm constitutional amendment, this is one of the strongest agricultural-use preemptions in Missouri law. The task brief listed 'Agricultural Districts (Mo. Rev. Stat. § 262.700)' — verification confirms §262.700 is the Southern Dairy Compact, NOT an agricultural-district statute. Missouri does not have a state agricultural-district program parallel to New York Ag-Mkts Law §301 or Pennsylvania ASA §901; agricultural-use protection runs through the Right-to-Farm Act (§537.295) + Right-to-Farm Amendment + CAFO setbacks, all captured in this overlay.