Zoning › Arizona › Maricopa County › Surprise

Surprise, AZ Zoning

Euclidean-zoning. 14 districts · 6 overlays · 6 applicable state preemptions.

Overview

Code type
euclidean
Naming convention
mixed

Euclidean base zones organized under the Surprise Unified Development Code (Chapter 122, formerly Chapter 106). Naming convention is category-lettered rather than lot-size-encoded: RR (rural residential), R-1a through R-1f (six discrete single-family categories differentiated by lot area and density rather than by numeric suffix), R-2 (medium density), R-3 (high density), C-1/C-2/C-3 (commercial tiers), M-1/M-2 (industrial tiers). PUD / PAD is the dominant mechanism for post-2000 master-planned development (Marley Park, Sun City Grand, Prasada, Desert Oasis). West-valley Maricopa County city ~8-12 miles north-northeast of Luke AFB — MAAMF applicability is less intense than Glendale or Litchfield Park but APZ-2 and 65 dB DNL contours may reach southern/southwestern Surprise parcels. Surprise also operates Surprise Municipal Airport (KSRQ, civilian GA, formerly Glenn Martin Airfield) at the southwest edge of the city, adding a second airspace overlay distinct from Luke MAAMF. | naming_convention_raw=category-suffix-lettered ; sub_flags_raw=[pad-dominant, arizona-housing-bills-2024, state-preemption-active, west-valley-luke-afb-maamf, udc-renumbered-ch106-to-ch122, dual-airport-exposure] ; narrative_ref=narratives/surprise-az/35de36fd-801e-4384-aae3-0bea9706aa98.json

Worth knowing
  • Code chapter renumbering: Surprise's older codified ordinances reference 'Chapter 106: Zoning' in the legacy enumeration, but the current comprehensive code is organized under 'Chapter 122: Surprise Unified Development Code.' Both chapter numbers appear in active sources depending on document vintage. This causes reliable citation challenges — current UDC §-references under Ch. 122 map to legacy §106-X-Y in older research. Both chapter numbers are preserved in the code_name metadata for bridging. — [UDC Ch. 122; legacy Ch. 106 cross-reference; Municode codification notes]
  • Lot-size-NOT-encoded R-1 naming. Unlike lot-size-encoded AZ peers (Goodyear SF-6/9/12, Gilbert R1-6/R1-7/R1-12), Surprise uses SIX discrete R-1 categories (R-1a through R-1f) differentiated by lot area (4,950 → 15,000+ sf) and density (8.8 → 2.9 du/ac) without encoding lot size in the district name. This requires reference to §106-2.3 / Ch. 122 to determine allowable density — the R-1 letter alone does not convey density. Any KPI extractor that assumes numeric-suffix encoding will mis-map Surprise districts to peers. — [UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3]
  • Luke AFB MAAMF exposure is PARTIAL — not citywide. Surprise is ~8-12 miles north-northeast of Luke AFB (which sits in Glendale). Luke AICUZ DNL 65 dB contours and APZ zones reach into far-southwestern Surprise parcels but do not cover the city center or eastern Surprise. This is a critical geographic distinction from Glendale, Litchfield Park, or Buckeye (where MAAMF covers substantial city land) — MAAMF applies in Surprise as a fringe overlay. Any residential feasibility work must check the parcel position against the current AICUZ map, not assume the overlay does or does not apply at city level. — [Luke AFB AICUZ Study 2020; Luke AFB / Maricopa County JLUS; ARS §28-8481]

+ 6 more in Quirks & notes

Districts

residential 9commercial 3industrial 2
CodeNameCategory Min lotHeight CoverageFAR Du/acParking Setbacks F/S/R
RRRural Residentialresidential43,560 sf[4]40 ft[5]0.25[6]0.5[7]1[8]2[9]25[1] / 25[2] / 10[3]
R-1aResidential Low Density — Category 1 (highest-density R-1 subcategory)residential4,950 sf[13]35 ft[14]0.45[15]—8.8[16]2[17]20[10] / 5[11] / 15[12]
R-1bResidential Low Density — Category 2residential6,000 sf[18]35 ft[19]0.45[20]—7.3[21]—— / — / —
R-1cResidential Low Density — Category 3residential8,000 sf[22]35 ft[23]0.4[24]—5.4[25]—— / — / —
R-1dResidential Low Density — Category 4residential10,000 sf[26]35 ft[27]0.4[28]—4.4[29]—— / — / —
R-1eResidential Low Density — Category 5residential12,000 sf[30]35 ft[31]0.4[32]—3.6[33]—— / — / —
R-1fResidential Low Density — Category 6 (lowest-density R-1 subcategory)residential15,000 sf[34]35 ft[35]0.4[36]—2.9[37]—— / — / —
R-2Residential Medium Densityresidential3,500 sf[38]35 ft[39]0.5[40]—3[41]—— / — / —
R-3Residential High Densityresidential43,560 sf[42]60 ft[43]0.5[44]—8[45]1.75[46]— / — / —
C-1Neighborhood Commercialcommercial—35 ft[47]0.5[48]0.5[49]—4[50]— / — / —
C-2Community Commercialcommercial—45 ft[51]0.6[52]1[53]——— / — / —
C-3Regional / Business District Commercialcommercial—55 ft[54]—1.5[55]——— / — / —
M-1Light Industrialindustrial—45 ft[56]0.6[57]1[58]——— / — / —
M-2Heavy Industrialindustrial—55 ft[59]0.5[60]———— / — / —

Confidence: confirmed partial under review not found

Overlays

MAAMF
Military Airport and Ancillary Military Facility Overlay (Luke Air Force Base)
SPEC
UDC Ch. 122 airport overlay provisions; ARS §28-8481 (state statute authorizing military compatibility overlays); Luke AFB AICUZ Study; Luke AFB / Maricopa County Joint Land Use Study (JLUS)

Southwestern and western Surprise parcels falling within Luke AFB high-noise contours (DNL >= 65 dB) and accident-potential zones as delineated on the adopted Luke AFB AICUZ / JLUS compatibility maps. Luke AFB is located ~8-12 miles south-southwest of the Surprise city center (in Glendale, with AICUZ contours extending north over Litchfield Park, El Mirage, and into southwestern Surprise). Surprise's MAAMF exposure is less intense than Glendale, Litchfield Park, or Buckeye — principally APZ-2 edge zones and 65 dB DNL fringe on extreme southwestern parcels. Surprise is named in the Luke JLUS compact alongside Buckeye, Glendale, Avondale, Litchfield Park, El Mirage, and Goodyear.

KSUA-AO
Surprise Municipal Airport Overlay (Civilian GA — Glenn Martin Airfield, KSRQ/KSUA)
SPEC
UDC Ch. 122 airport impact provisions; FAA Part 77 imaginary surfaces; City of Surprise Municipal Airport master plan

FAA Part 77 imaginary surfaces and AICUZ-equivalent noise contours around Surprise Municipal Airport at the southwestern edge of city (near Jomax Rd / Sunrise Ln). Distinct from Luke AFB MAAMF. Applies to civilian GA flight paths on parcels west/southwest of Bell Rd and in the Northwest Valley General Aviation corridor.

PUD
Planned Unit Development / Planned Area Development Overlay
SPEC
UDC Ch. 122 Article VI (Zoning Districts) and Ch. 122 PUD / PAD provisions

Master-planned communities and large-scale mixed-use projects throughout Surprise — Marley Park, Sun City Grand (Del Webb), Desert Oasis, Sierra Verde, Prasada (commercial master plan), Asante, Surprise Farms, Greer Ranch. PUD is the dominant mechanism for post-2000 greenfield development in Surprise, consistent with the broader Phoenix metro pattern. The research markdown documents PUD applications at specific project areas (e.g., southeast corner of 147th Avenue and Beardsley Canal).

FOD
Floodplain Overlay District (FEMA / Maricopa County FCD)
SPEC
UDC Ch. 122 floodplain provisions; Flood Control District of Maricopa County regulations adopted by reference; FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) panels 04013C

Parcels within FEMA-designated Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA), including Zone A/AE along Waddell Canal, Beardsley Canal, New River tributaries, Agua Fria River (eastern boundary of broader west-valley region), and washes draining toward Skunk Creek. Surprise sits in the Lower Agua Fria watershed; wash drainage is the dominant floodplain mechanism rather than perennial river corridors.

MHOD
Middle Housing Overlay (HB 2720 Compliance)
SPEC
Surprise UDC implementing provisions for AZ HB 2720 (2024); ARS Title 9 Ch. 4

SF-zoned parcels within the majority of Surprise single-family zoning districts (RR / R-1a-f), triggered by HB 2720 applicability at Surprise population ≥ 70,000 threshold. Exempts MAAMF-overlaid parcels per HB 2720 airport-noise carve-out (federal preemption supremacy).

ADUOD
ADU By-Right Overlay (HB 2297 Compliance)
SPEC
Surprise UDC implementing provisions for AZ HB 2297 (2024); ARS §9-461.18

All SF, MF, townhouse, and mixed-use base zoning districts within the Surprise city boundary, triggered by HB 2297 applicability at Surprise population ≥ 75,000 threshold. MAAMF carve-out exempts parcels within Luke AFB >=65 dB DNL contours and APZ.

State preemptions

AZ HB 2720 — Middle Housing By-Right (2024)applies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Surprise population estimated 162,000 (2024 Census PEP) — exceeds both the 30,000 threshold (duplex mandate) and the 70,000 threshold (full duplex/triplex/fourplex mandate). Not on tribal land. Surprise has RR / R-1a-f single-family base zones qualifying for the mandate. Applies to the majority of SF zones per state law. ; local_status=Surprise must comply. Specific implementing article (MHOD ordinance date and buffer geometry) not directly retrieved this pass — verify with Surprise Planning & Zoning (623-222-3000). MAAMF carve-out honored on far-southwestern parcels within Luke AFB AICUZ boundary. Field-preemption: base_districts[category=res_sf].allowed_uses adds {duplex, triplex, fourplex}; base_districts[category=res_sf].max_units_per_lot floor_at 4.
Effect
Duplex/triplex/fourplex permitted by-right in the majority of R-1a-f SF zones. Up to 4 units per lot. Administrative (ministerial) approval. Cannot require design standards that effectively prohibit middle housing. MAAMF carve-out: Luke AFB high-noise and APZ zones in far-southwestern Surprise exempt from the mandate per HB 2720 airport-noise carve-out.
AZ HB 2297 — ADU By-Right (2024)applies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Surprise population ~162,000 (2024 Census PEP) — exceeds the 75,000 threshold for HB 2297 applicability. Not on tribal land. Surprise has residential and mixed-use zones subject to the mandate. ; local_status=Surprise must comply. MAAMF carve-out honored. Specific ADU implementing ordinance in UDC not directly retrieved this pass; recommended next-pass retrieval. Surprise Municipal Airport (KSRQ) noise contours may create a secondary carve-out on far-southwestern parcels via HB 2297 civilian-airport provisions. Preempted fields: allowed_uses adds ADU; parking_ratio_adu waive.
Effect
ADUs permitted by-right on all SF / MF / townhouse / mixed-use lots. Cannot require owner-occupancy, impose minimum lot size beyond underlying zone, or charge impact fees exceeding proportional share. Minimum 5 ft rear/side setback; maximum 1,000 sf or 75% of principal GFA. ADU parking waived. MAAMF carve-out: Luke AFB APZ and >=65 dB DNL zones in far-southwestern Surprise remain subject to military compatibility — ADUs not permitted inside the carve-out.
AZ HB 2721 — Minimum Lot Size Reductions (2024)applies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Surprise population ~162,000 (2024 Census PEP) — exceeds the 70,000 threshold. Not on tribal land. Surprise has RR / R-1a-f SF base zones subject to the min-lot-size cap. R-1e and R-1f currently sit at 12,000-15,000+ sf minimums; HB 2721 caps the minimum at 5,000 sf in the majority of SF zones. ; local_status=Surprise must comply by adjusting R-1c/d/e/f min-lot-size floors in the majority of SF zones or by designating specific zones as 'majority' to meet the cap. Specific UDC text amendment not directly retrieved this pass; local ordinance compliance status requires verification. Field-preemption: base_districts[category=res_sf].min_lot_size_sf cap_at 5000; min_lot_width_ft cap_at 50.
Effect
Minimum lot size capped at 5,000 sf in the majority of Surprise single-family zones. Lot width capped at 50 ft. R-1a (4,950 sf floor) already satisfies; R-1b (6,000 sf) barely exceeds the cap; R-1c through R-1f (8,000-15,000+ sf) must be reduced to 5,000 sf in the majority of SF zones by-right. MAAMF carve-out applies on Luke AFB APZ parcels.
AZ HB 2110 — Commercial-to-Residential Adaptive Reuse (2024)applies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Statewide preemption; applies to all AZ cities with commercial zoning districts. Surprise has C-1 / C-2 / C-3 commercial and M-1 / M-2 industrial districts. Not on tribal land. Older retail and office inventory exists along Bell Rd, Grand Ave (US-60), and Litchfield Rd corridors. ; local_status=Surprise must comply. Specific implementing article in UDC not directly retrieved this pass. Especially relevant for older Grand Ave (US-60) corridor commercial inventory and aging Bell Rd retail pads in central Surprise. Preempted fields: base_districts[category=com].allowed_uses adds multifamily_residential; review_type waive_discretionary.
Effect
Ministerial approval pathway for conversion of existing commercial/office buildings to multifamily residential use. Rezone + public-hearing process eliminated for qualifying adaptive-reuse projects. Dimensional relief available (setback/parking/height) for adaptive reuse. Applies to C-1, C-2, C-3 and mixed-use zones. MAAMF carve-out applies: commercial-to-residential conversions inside Luke AFB >=65 dB or APZ zones remain subject to military compatibility.
AZ Prop 207 — Private Property Rights Protection Act (2006)applies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Statewide; requires compensation for land-use regulations that reduce property value. Not modeled as a field preemption (trigger_predicate: never in state overlay file) but creates a chilling effect on downzoning and restrictive overlay adoption across all AZ municipalities, including Surprise. ; local_status=Surprise follows statewide practice of requiring Prop 207 waivers on rezoning applications. Framework effect on PUD dominance. Any MHOD / ADU implementing ordinance for HB 2720/2297 was structured to avoid Prop 207 exposure (upzoning is generally not a taking; downzoning or restrictive overlay additions would be).
Effect
Does NOT preempt existing Surprise zoning but constrains future downzoning and restrictive overlay adoption — Surprise typically requires Prop 207 waivers on rezoning applications and avoids city-initiated downzoning without property-owner consent or compensation. Shapes Surprise's preference for PUD mechanisms over map-wide text amendments, and reduces appetite for new restrictive overlays (e.g., historic districts, design overlays).
Federal / USAF — Luke AFB MAAMF Military Airport Preemption (ARS §28-8481)applies
Qualifying condition
qualifying_condition=Federal preemption layer enforced via AZ state statute. Luke AFB is an active F-35A primary training installation located in Glendale, ~8-12 miles south-southwest of Surprise. FAA Part 77 imaginary surfaces and USAF AICUZ noise contours preempt local residential density and height on far-southwestern Surprise parcels within the >=65 dB DNL and APZ-2 zones. ARS §28-8481 requires Maricopa County cities within the Luke compatibility boundary to adopt military-airport compatibility overlays; Surprise is a named party to the Luke JLUS compact alongside Glendale, Litchfield Park, El Mirage, Buckeye, Goodyear, and Avondale. Surprise's MAAMF exposure is less intense than Glendale or Litchfield Park (much smaller share of city land area is inside the contours) but is NON-ZERO on southwestern parcels. ; local_status=Surprise has participated in the Luke AFB JLUS and should have adopted a MAAMF compatibility overlay in the UDC per ARS §28-8481(I). Specific UDC article not directly retrieved this pass. Any residential development in southwestern Surprise must confirm parcel position relative to current Luke AICUZ boundary before assuming base-zone, PUD, or state-preemption entitlements. Contact Luke AFB 56th Civil Engineer Squadron (623-856-6011) for MCP pre-application. This is the west-valley AZ pattern shared with Goodyear/Glendale/Avondale/Litchfield Park/El Mirage/Buckeye.
Effect
MAAMF overlay is the most restrictive regulatory constraint on southwestern Surprise parcels inside Luke AICUZ contours. Prohibits or severely restricts residential and noise-sensitive uses within APZ-1 and high-noise (>=70 dB DNL) zones; requires Luke AFB MCP coordination for plan approval; statutory carve-outs in HB 2720 / HB 2297 / HB 2721 honor MAAMF boundary so federal preemption supremacy survives state housing mandates on qualifying parcels. Height caps per FAA Part 77 imaginary surfaces. MOST OF SURPRISE CITY CENTER IS OUTSIDE MAAMF; the overlay is a geographic exception on the southwestern fringe, not a citywide constraint.

Adopted building codes

No statewide code; city-level

IBC
Local adoption
IRC
Local adoption
NEC
2017
IFC
Local adoption
IECC (Residential)
Local
IECC (Commercial)
Local

Click a code label to open its state-by-state adoption atlas.

Quirks & notes

  • Code chapter renumbering: Surprise's older codified ordinances reference 'Chapter 106: Zoning' in the legacy enumeration, but the current comprehensive code is organized under 'Chapter 122: Surprise Unified Development Code.' Both chapter numbers appear in active sources depending on document vintage. This causes reliable citation challenges — current UDC §-references under Ch. 122 map to legacy §106-X-Y in older research. Both chapter numbers are preserved in the code_name metadata for bridging. — [UDC Ch. 122; legacy Ch. 106 cross-reference; Municode codification notes]
  • Lot-size-NOT-encoded R-1 naming. Unlike lot-size-encoded AZ peers (Goodyear SF-6/9/12, Gilbert R1-6/R1-7/R1-12), Surprise uses SIX discrete R-1 categories (R-1a through R-1f) differentiated by lot area (4,950 → 15,000+ sf) and density (8.8 → 2.9 du/ac) without encoding lot size in the district name. This requires reference to §106-2.3 / Ch. 122 to determine allowable density — the R-1 letter alone does not convey density. Any KPI extractor that assumes numeric-suffix encoding will mis-map Surprise districts to peers. — [UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3]
  • Luke AFB MAAMF exposure is PARTIAL — not citywide. Surprise is ~8-12 miles north-northeast of Luke AFB (which sits in Glendale). Luke AICUZ DNL 65 dB contours and APZ zones reach into far-southwestern Surprise parcels but do not cover the city center or eastern Surprise. This is a critical geographic distinction from Glendale, Litchfield Park, or Buckeye (where MAAMF covers substantial city land) — MAAMF applies in Surprise as a fringe overlay. Any residential feasibility work must check the parcel position against the current AICUZ map, not assume the overlay does or does not apply at city level. — [Luke AFB AICUZ Study 2020; Luke AFB / Maricopa County JLUS; ARS §28-8481]
  • Dual-airport exposure: Surprise has MAAMF (military, Luke AFB, southwest fringe) AND Surprise Municipal Airport (KSRQ/KSUA, civilian GA, at the southwestern edge of the city). The civilian airport adds its own FAA Part 77 imaginary surface overlay on approach corridors, distinct from Luke MAAMF. Where the two overlap on rare far-southwest parcels, MAAMF controls. Surprise is one of few AZ cities with both military and municipal airport overlays — the pattern is shared with Goodyear (Luke AFB MAAMF + Goodyear Municipal KGYR GMA-AO). — [Luke AFB AICUZ Study; FAA Part 77; Surprise Municipal Airport master plan]
  • PUD / PAD dominance. Surprise has extensively used PUD overlays for post-2000 master-planned development — Marley Park, Sun City Grand (Del Webb), Desert Oasis, Sierra Verde, Prasada, Asante, Greer Ranch. Most new residential acreage flows through PUD rezoning rather than base RR/R-1a-f/R-2/R-3 districts. Base district dimensional standards have limited operative effect on greenfield projects — they govern infill and smaller parcels. Mirrors the Phoenix-metro development-entitlement pattern. — [UDC Ch. 122 Article VI; City of Surprise PUD project records]
  • R-3 density encoding is unusual: 1-acre minimum lot + 8+ du/ac NET density floor + 4 du/lot-of-record minimum + 150 sf/DU open space. The 'min 4 DU per lot of record' is a FLOOR not a ceiling — this is a density-facilitation mechanic rather than a density cap. Combined with the 60 ft height ceiling and 150 sf/DU open space requirement, R-3 practical ceilings are determined by envelope + open space math rather than by a stated max du/ac value. Atypical for AZ peers that use stated max du/ac caps. — [UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.5]
  • Maricopa County Flood Control District jurisdiction: Surprise floodplain standards are primarily defined by Maricopa FCD (countywide entity) rather than local UDC. Local Surprise UDC floodplain provisions defer to county/FEMA standards rather than defining them locally. Compliance inquiries must go to Maricopa FCD, not just Surprise Planning. This is common for Maricopa County municipalities but creates a split-jurisdiction lookup for developers. — [Maricopa County FCD regulations; FEMA FIRM 04013C; UDC Ch. 122 floodplain]
  • Surprise population ~162,000 places it firmly above all three AZ state preemption thresholds (HB 2720 70k, HB 2297 75k, HB 2721 70k). Unlike smaller west-valley peers (El Mirage ~35k, Litchfield Park ~7k), ALL 2024 AZ housing preemptions apply to Surprise in their strongest form. Middle housing (duplex/triplex/fourplex), by-right ADU, and 5,000 sf min-lot-size cap ALL apply — subject only to the MAAMF carve-out on southwestern parcels. — [AZ HB 2720 (2024); AZ HB 2297 (2024); AZ HB 2721 (2024); 2024 Census PEP]
  • HB 2720 / HB 2297 / HB 2721 statutory airport-noise carve-outs explicitly preserve Luke AFB MAAMF (>=65 dB DNL + APZ) and arguably KSRQ/KSUA >=65 dB contours as binding even where state preemption would otherwise override local restriction. This creates a federal-state-local conflict pattern where the MAAMF / civilian-airport boundary is the controlling geographic feature for ADU / middle housing / min-lot-size applicability. Due diligence must check airport-overlay position BEFORE asserting HB 2720/2297/2721 entitlements on southwestern parcels. — [AZ HB 2720 §airport-carve-out; HB 2297 §airport-carve-out; HB 2721 §airport-carve-out; ARS §28-8481]

Formulas

Definitions

height
Measured from finished grade to highest point of roof structure; mechanical penthouses and antennae excluded per UDC general provisions
lot_coverage
Principal and accessory building footprint / lot area
far
Gross floor area / lot area
du_ac
Dwelling units per gross acre (pre-entitlement); R-3 uses net density floor
setback_front
Distance from front property line to nearest building face
setback_side
Distance from side property line to nearest building face
setback_rear
Distance from rear property line to nearest building face
parking
Minimum required spaces per dwelling unit or per 1,000 sf for nonresidential use
open_space_per_du
Minimum usable open space per dwelling unit (R-3: 150 sf/DU)

Capacity calculations

max_footprint_sf
lot_area_sf * lot_coverage
max_gfa_sf
lot_area_sf * far
buildable_width_ft
lot_width_ft - setback_side_ft * 2
buildable_depth_ft
lot_depth_ft - setback_front_ft - setback_rear_ft
sf_typical
R-1a through R-1f: 3.6-8.8 du/ac depending on lot category
mf_standard
R-3: 8+ du/ac net density floor; practical ceiling determined by height + open space
pud_override
PUD / PAD rezone replaces base dimensional standards with project-specific development standards table

Massing explorer

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Sources & references

Primary source
Surprise City Code, Chapter 122 — Unified Development Code (UDC); legacy Chapter 106 (Zoning) retained by cross-reference
Current through ordinance codified by Municode through 2025-Q4 supplement · retrieved 2026-04-19
Citations
  1. [1] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  2. [2] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  3. [3] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  4. [4] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  5. [5] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  6. [6] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  7. [7] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  8. [8] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.2
  9. [9] UDC Ch. 122 parking article
  10. [10] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  11. [11] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  12. [12] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  13. [13] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  14. [14] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  15. [15] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  16. [16] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  17. [17] UDC Ch. 122 parking article
  18. [18] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  19. [19] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  20. [20] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  21. [21] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  22. [22] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  23. [23] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  24. [24] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  25. [25] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  26. [26] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  27. [27] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  28. [28] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  29. [29] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  30. [30] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  31. [31] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  32. [32] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  33. [33] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  34. [34] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  35. [35] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  36. [36] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  37. [37] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.3
  38. [38] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.4
  39. [39] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.4
  40. [40] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.4
  41. [41] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.4
  42. [42] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.5
  43. [43] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.5
  44. [44] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.5
  45. [45] UDC Ch. 122 / §106-2.5
  46. [46] UDC Ch. 122 parking article
  47. [47] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  48. [48] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  49. [49] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  50. [50] UDC Ch. 122 parking article
  51. [51] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  52. [52] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  53. [53] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  54. [54] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  55. [55] UDC Ch. 122 Commercial Division
  56. [56] UDC Ch. 122 Industrial Division
  57. [57] UDC Ch. 122 Industrial Division
  58. [58] UDC Ch. 122 Industrial Division
  59. [59] UDC Ch. 122 Industrial Division
  60. [60] UDC Ch. 122 Industrial Division

Research status

Publication gates

primary url presentpassedsource.primary_url = https://library.municode.com/az/surprise/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=PTIICOOR_CH122UNDECO — Library.Municode canonical publisher for Surprise UDC Ch. 122. Platform = municode. Not an aggregator. Supplementary city-hosted URLs at surpriseaz.gov listed as secondary, not primary.
no aggregator citedpassedProfile and narrative scan found no zoneomics/steadily/siteplanguide/siteplancreator/propwire/zonara/unzoned references. All citations point to UDC Ch. 122 / legacy §106-X-Y, Arizona Legislature session laws (HB 2720 / HB 2297 / HB 2721 / HB 2110), ARS §-references (§28-8481, §9-461.18, §9-471), FAA Part 77, FEMA FIRM 04013C, Luke AFB AICUZ, Maricopa County FCD, and Census PEP primary-data inputs.
confidence tags full formpassedAll base_districts fields carry {value, status, citation} with UDC Ch. 122 / §106-X-Y form. All overlays carry status + citation. Partial claims carry explicit reason fields. No bare [confirmed] or single-glyph confidence tokens remain (v1 used {v, c: 'p'} shorthand with no section citations; v2 upgrades to full-form and bridges the Ch. 106 → Ch. 122 renumbering).
overlays have parameters trigger confidencepassed6/6 overlays (MAAMF, KSUA-AO, PUD, FOD, MHOD, ADUOD) have non-empty parameters (5-8 keys each), geographic_trigger populated with specific geography (southwestern Surprise / Luke AICUZ contours; Surprise Municipal Airport approach corridors; master-planned communities by name; FEMA SFHA wash corridors; HB 2720/2297 applicability on SF/MF/MU zones), status in {confirmed, partial}, and citation populated. v1 had 3 thin overlays (PUD, FOD, 'Additional' — a schema-projection placeholder); v2 expands to 6 with MAAMF + KSUA-AO + MHOD + ADUOD added and the AOD placeholder removed.
preempt section city specificpassedstate_preemptions_applicable[] contains 6 Surprise-specific entries (HB 2720, HB 2297, HB 2721, HB 2110, Prop 207, federal Luke AFB MAAMF) with Surprise-specific qualifying_condition (population ~162k from 2024 Census PEP checked against each law's threshold; Surprise SF district inventory matched to preempted categories; west-valley Luke AFB geographic proximity noted), effect, effective_date, and local_status narrative. MAAMF carve-out mechanic explicitly documented on HB 2720/2297/2721 entries. Not a link-stub — replaces v1's 'state_preemptions: state-preemptions/az.md' bare path string.

Data quality

82%completeness
Documented gaps
  • Commercial (C-1/C-2/C-3) and industrial (M-1/M-2) dimensional standards not directly retrieved from current UDC this pass — parameters carry status=partial with explicit reason fields. R-1 sub-category setback values not in the accessed excerpt. Surprise-specific MHOD and ADUOD implementing ordinance dates and section numbers require direct Municode retrieval. MAAMF specific UDC article requires direct retrieval. Surprise Municipal Airport overlay section requires direct retrieval. Next-pass actions documented in DELTA.md.

Known issues

freshness:volatile

Verification

last_verified_at2026-04-19T00:00:00Z
verifier_specialistverification-pass
verifier_version1.0
verification_resultpartial
atomic_claims_checked54
atomic_claims_confirmed28
atomic_claims_partial18
atomic_claims_inferred5
atomic_claims_not_found3
failed_claims
notesVerification-pass at a partial result because 18 atomic claims carry status=partial (principally: UDC airport-overlay specific article, MHOD/ADUOD implementing ordinance dates, C-1/C-2/C-3 and M-1/M-2 dimensional standards, setback-specific values in R-1 subcategories). All partial claims carry explicit reason fields. Zero failed claims. Primary-URL and aggregator gates are CLEAN (no zoneomics/steadily/siteplanguide citations). Ordinance section citations use UDC Ch. 122 / §106-X-Y dual-reference form to bridge the renumbering. State preemption applicability is analytically confirmed from population threshold + primary Census data.
narrative_refnarratives/surprise-az/35de36fd-801e-4384-aae3-0bea9706aa98.json

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