Chesapeake Bay Critical Area Program — IDA / LDA / RCA Overlay (MD)

Tracked preemption from the Maryland overlay bundle.

Overview

Effective
1984-06-01
Sunset
Authority
state
Scope
state:MD

Trigger predicate

When this evaluates true for a parcel, the law's preempted fields take precedence over base zoning.

OR
  • city.is_in_chesapeake_critical_area == True
  • parcel.in_critical_area_1000ft_buffer == True
  • parcel.geometry geographic match

Preempted fields

5 fields on the base district schema are rewritten when the trigger fires.

FieldOpValueNote
base_districts[*].max_units_per_acrecap_at0.05Resource Conservation Area cap: 1 unit per 20 acres maximum density (0.05 du/ac), regardless of underlying local zoning. NR §8-1808.1 / COMAR 27.01.02.
base_districts[*].max_units_per_acrecap_at4Limited Development Area cap: 4 units per acre maximum density. NR §8-1808.1 / COMAR 27.01.02.
base_districts[*].impervious_cover_pctcap_at1515% impervious-cover cap on LDA / RCA parcels; IDA parcels exceeding 15% require offsetting surface-runoff mitigation (10% pollutant reduction rule).
base_districts[*].riparian_buffer_ftfloor_at100100-foot minimum Buffer from tidal waters, tidal wetlands, and tributary streams; expanded to 200 ft on steep slopes and within some RCA programs. Development, impervious surface, and clearing largely prohibited within the Buffer.
review_typeoverridecritical_area_commission_approved_local_program_requiredEach jurisdiction in the critical area must adopt a Critical Area Program approved by the state Critical Area Commission (CAC); CAC may disapprove local program amendments (functional preemption). HEAA §7-501 et seq. density floors yield to RCA / LDA caps where in conflict.

Citation

Authority source
Md. Code Ann., Natural Resources §§8-1801 through 8-1817 (Chesapeake and Atlantic Coastal Bays Critical Area Protection Program); COMAR Title 27 (Critical Area Commission regulations)
§ §§8-1801 through 8-1817
https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=gnr§ion=8-1801

Research notes

Geographic reach: all land within 1,000 feet of Mean High Water Line (or landward edge of tidal wetlands) of the Chesapeake Bay, Atlantic Coastal Bays, or tidal tributaries. Touches all or part of 16 counties + Baltimore City + 44 municipalities including Anne Arundel, Baltimore County, Baltimore City, Calvert, Caroline, Cecil, Charles, Dorchester, Harford, Kent, Prince George's (small), Queen Anne's, St. Mary's, Somerset, Talbot, Wicomico, Worcester. Three mandatory land-classification zones: IDA (Intensely Developed), LDA (Limited Development, ≤4 du/ac), RCA (Resource Conservation, ≤1 du/20 ac). Each county receives a limited 'growth allocation' for RCA→LDA or LDA→IDA reclassification; once spent, intensification requires CAC program amendment. 2026 amendments (HB 258/SB 178, HB 247) pending codification redefine 'adjacent,' extend CAC review timelines, and modify county variance authority. Administered by Critical Area Commission, DNR.