Iowa Code Chapter 335 — County Zoning Enabling Act + §335.2 Agricultural Exemption (IA)

Tracked preemption from the Iowa overlay bundle.

Overview

Effective
1947-01-01
Sunset
Authority
state
Scope
state:IA

Trigger predicate

When this evaluates true for a parcel, the law's preempted fields take precedence over base zoning.

AND
  • parcel.in_unincorporated_county_territory == True
  • county.has_adopted_zoning_ordinance == True

Preempted fields

3 fields on the base district schema are rewritten when the trigger fires.

FieldOpValueNote
county_zoning.scopecap_atunincorporated_territory_onlyCounty zoning applies only to unincorporated territory (§335.1); inside city limits, municipal zoning prevails.
county_zoning.farmland_and_farm_buildingswaiveCounty zoning ordinances SHALL NOT apply to land, farm houses, farm barns, farm outbuildings, or other buildings/structures primarily adapted for agricultural use, while so used (§335.2). Floodplain exception preserved — counties may zone in/on floodplains regardless of ag character. Post-2020 amendments (HF 2403 / SF 2195) bar counties from requiring application/approval/fee for the exemption to attach, and extend the exemption to parcels enrolled in soil/water conservation programs.
county_zoning.agritourismpermit_with_carveoutssection_335_2AAgricultural-experience (agritourism) carveout at §335.2A — counties may regulate certain non-farm-production agritourism uses notwithstanding the §335.2 farm-exemption umbrella.

Citation

Authority source
Iowa Code ch. 335 (County Zoning); §335.2 (Farms exempt); §335.2A (Agricultural experience); §335.27 (Agricultural land preservation ordinance). Iowa Const. Art. III §39A (County Home Rule) is the constitutional anchor.
§ §§335.1, 335.2, 335.2A, 335.27, 335.30
https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/ico/chapter/335.pdf

Research notes

The famous Iowa carveout. Lang v. Linn County Board of Adjustment, 829 N.W.2d 1 (Iowa 2013), is the controlling 'sideline ag' doctrine: counties may deny the exemption where 'agricultural activities are basically a sideline designed to obtain an agricultural zoning exemption for the owners' residence.' Counties retain authority to investigate whether a use is genuinely agricultural ('primarily adapted… while so used'). City-level analog (§414.1A) is materially narrower. This is the central zoning-enforcement tension at metro-fringe annexation areas (Des Moines, Cedar Rapids, Iowa City, Quad Cities, Waterloo/Cedar Falls).