Idaho Dillon's Rule — Inclusionary Zoning Mandates Ultra Vires (Mountain Central v. McCall, 2021) (ID)
Tracked preemption from the Idaho overlay bundle.
Overview
← All state preemptionsIdaho overlay roll-upIdaho zoning wikiIdaho building codesFederal overlaysGlossaryFederal-conflict: Not flagged
Effective
2021-08-04
Sunset
—
Authority
state
Scope
state:ID
Other Idaho preemptions
Idaho SB 1354 — ADU By-Right (Cities ≥10,000)Idaho SB 1352 — Starter-Home Subdivisions (Cities ≥10,000)Idaho HB 707 — Administrative Lot Splits (Cities ≥10,000)Idaho HB 706 — Single-Stair Building Option (City Opt-In)Idaho HB 585 — Permit Inspection Shot-Clock (Statewide)Idaho §67-6539 — Short-Term Rental Preemption (HB 216, 2017; HB 583, 2026)Idaho §67-6509A — Manufactured Housing Parity (extended by HB 800, 2026)Idaho Development Impact Fee Act (I.C. §67-8201 et seq.)
Trigger predicate
When this evaluates true for a parcel, the law's preempted fields take precedence over base zoning.
always true
Preempted fields
2 fields on the base district schema are rewritten when the trigger fires.
| Field | Op | Value | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
mandatory_inclusionary_zoning_ordinance | waive | — | Mandatory inclusionary-zoning / community-housing ordinances are ultra vires under Idaho Constitution Art. XII §2 + LLUPA framework |
voluntary_incentive_inclusionary_program | override | permitted | Voluntary-incentive structures (density bonus in exchange for affordability) remain permitted |
Citation
Authority source
Mountain Central Board of REALTORS v. City of McCall (Idaho Sup. Ct., 2021); Idaho Const. Art. XII §2; LLUPA framework
§ Idaho Const. Art. XII §2 + Mountain Central v. McCall (2021)
Research notes
Idaho courts read the Art. XII §2 home-rule carveout narrowly in land-use matters — LLUPA occupies the field. Mountain Central v. McCall struck down McCall's community-housing ordinance as ultra vires; analogous mandatory inclusionary-zoning structures elsewhere in Idaho are presumptively invalid unless rewritten as voluntary incentives. Cities seeking affordability outcomes must use density bonuses, fee waivers, or land-write-downs rather than mandatory set-asides.